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William Lassell FRS (18 June 1799 – 5 October 1880) was an English merchant and astronomer.〔(AN 98(1881) 108 ) 〕 William Lassell was born in Bolton, a town west of Manchester, and educated in Rochdale. After the death of his father, he was apprenticed from 1814 to 1821 to a merchant in Liverpool. He then made his fortune as a beer brewer, which enabled him to indulge his interest in astronomy. He built an observatory at his house "Starfield" in West Derby, a suburb of Liverpool. There he had a reflector telescope, for which he pioneered the use of an equatorial mount for easy tracking of objects as the Earth rotates. He ground and polished the mirror himself, using equipment he constructed. The observatory was later (1854) moved further out of Liverpool, to Bradstone. In 1846 Lassell discovered Triton, the largest moon of Neptune, just 17 days after the discovery of Neptune itself by German astronomer Johann Gottfried Galle. In 1848 he independently co-discovered Hyperion, a moon of Saturn. In 1851 he discovered Ariel and Umbriel, two moons of Uranus. When Queen Victoria visited Liverpool in 1851, Lassell was the only local she specifically requested to meet. In 1855, he built a telescope, which he installed in Malta because of the observing conditions that were better than in often overcast England. On his return to the UK after several years in Malta he moved to Maidenhead and operated his telescope in an observatory there. The 48-inch telescope was dismantled and was eventually scrapped. He won the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1849, and served as its president for two years starting in 1870. He was also elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1849 and won their Royal Medal in 1858.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= Library and Archive Catalogue )〕 Lassell died in Maidenhead in 1880. Upon his death, he left a fortune of £80,000 (roughly equivalent to 8.8 million American dollars by today's standards). His telescope was presented to the Royal Observatory in Greenwich. The crater Lassell on the Moon, a crater on Mars, the asteroid 2636 Lassell and a ring of Neptune are named in his honour. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William Lassell」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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